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Differences Between CentOS 7 and AlmaLinux 9.x: What to Expect After Switching

CentOS has long been a trusted choice for enterprise and server environments. However, with the shift in CentOS development to CentOS Stream, many users have migrated to alternatives like AlmaLinux. AlmaLinux 9.x, developed as a direct replacement for CentOS, offers a stable and secure platform for businesses. This blog explores the key differences between CentOS 7 and AlmaLinux 9.x and highlights the benefits clients can enjoy after making the switch.


Key Differences Between CentOS 7 and AlmaLinux 9.x

1. Release Model

  • CentOS 7:

    • Follows a traditional release model, with updates and support for a specific lifecycle.

    • End-of-Life (EOL) for CentOS 7 is June 30, 2024.

  • AlmaLinux 9.x:

    • Follows Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) closely, offering binary compatibility.

    • Supported with long-term updates and security patches.

2. Kernel Version

  • CentOS 7:

    • Ships with an older 3.10 kernel, which limits hardware compatibility and performance for modern systems.

  • AlmaLinux 9.x:

    • Uses the newer 5.14 kernel, offering improved hardware support, enhanced performance, and better power efficiency.

3. Default Software Packages

  • CentOS 7:

    • Features older versions of software packages, including outdated Python, Apache, and PHP versions.

  • AlmaLinux 9.x:

    • Provides updated software stacks, including:

      • Python 3.9.

      • PHP 8.0.

      • Apache 2.4 with newer features and performance enhancements.

4. Security Enhancements

  • CentOS 7:

    • Lacks support for many modern security protocols and frameworks.

  • AlmaLinux 9.x:

    • Includes significant security improvements:

      • SELinux enhancements for better policy management.

      • OpenSSL 3.0 for improved cryptographic performance and security.

      • Updated firewalld for managing complex firewall rules.

5. Container Support

  • CentOS 7:

    • Basic support for container technologies, but limited to older versions of Docker.

  • AlmaLinux 9.x:

    • Enhanced support for containerization with:

      • Podman and Buildah as Docker alternatives.

      • Seamless integration with Kubernetes.

6. Performance and Efficiency

  • CentOS 7:

    • Designed for older systems, resulting in suboptimal performance on modern hardware.

  • AlmaLinux 9.x:

    • Optimized for modern CPUs and storage devices, improving performance and scalability.


Benefits of Switching to AlmaLinux 9.x

1. Long-Term Support

Clients migrating to AlmaLinux 9.x gain access to a robust support lifecycle, with updates and security patches for at least 10 years.

2. Improved Security

  • Enhanced security features reduce vulnerabilities and protect critical infrastructure.

  • Faster updates ensure immediate fixes for discovered vulnerabilities.

3. Access to Modern Software

  • AlmaLinux provides updated versions of essential software, supporting modern development and hosting needs.

  • Compatible with DevOps tools and workflows, including CI/CD pipelines.

4. Seamless Migration Tools

  • AlmaLinux offers a free migration script to help users transition from CentOS 7 without significant downtime or data loss.

5. Community-Driven Development

  • Supported by a global community and governed by a non-profit foundation, ensuring transparency and open development.

6. Containerization Support

  • Native support for Podman, Kubernetes, and other container technologies makes AlmaLinux ideal for deploying cloud-native applications.


How to Migrate from CentOS 7 to AlmaLinux 9.x

Step 1: Backup Your Data

Before migration, ensure all critical data and configurations are backed up.

Step 2: Download the AlmaLinux Migration Tool

Install the official migration script provided by AlmaLinux:

				
					curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AlmaLinux/almalinux-deploy/master/almalinux-deploy.sh
				
			

Step 3: Run the Migration Script

Execute the migration script to start the process:

				
					bash almalinux-deploy.sh
				
			

Step 4: Verify Migration

After the script completes, verify the migration:

				
					cat /etc/redhat-release
				
			

You should see “AlmaLinux 9.x” as the output.

Step 5: Reboot and Test

Reboot the server and test all services to ensure they function as expected.


Conclusion

Switching from CentOS 7 to AlmaLinux 9.x is a forward-looking decision for businesses and developers. AlmaLinux offers enhanced security, modern software support, and robust performance tailored for current and future demands. With its seamless migration process and long-term support, AlmaLinux is an excellent choice for those seeking stability and reliability in their Linux environments.

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